ગુજરાતી
English
Gram plants started growing tall in the machinery age
Dilip Patel
Ahmedabad, July 20, 2025 (Google translation from Gujarati)
Grams are not trees, but small plants. But now an invention has been made to grow small plants tall. The demand for tall plants and strong stem gram is increasing, as they are harvested by machines. To reduce labor costs, farmers are now preferring to harvest with harvesters.
Amazing discovery
Scientists of Junagadh Agricultural University are going to do something amazing this coming winter. Because they have discovered two new varieties of gram and by planting them, farmers will be able to get 12 percent to 75 percent more production than the existing 5 varieties. Also, they contain nutrients. Also, since the plants are tall, they can be harvested directly with a harvester. Therefore, labor will be saved. Production will increase.
Junagadh Agricultural University’s Research Director Dr. A G Pansuriya 9428241838 said that we are currently doing research on this variety, for which central approval will also be received. Scientist Rakesh Javia 9427725505 said that the new variety is excellent. A lot of time has been spent on its research. Which will be very beneficial for the farmers. Gujarat Chana 8 (GG 8: Sorath Vikram) Farmers have been advised to research and sow Gujarat Chana 8 (GG 9: Sorath Vikram) variety in irrigated and non-irrigated farming in Gujarat. Since the plants of this variety are tall and straight, it is suitable for harvesting with agricultural machines – harvesters. In this variety, 2814 kg of gram is harvested per hectare in irrigated farming. In non-irrigated fields, 2017 kg of gram is harvested per hectare. Which gives 12 percent to 75 percent more production than 5 varieties. Thus, it can prove to be a big revolution for gram farms.
Khubi
The grains of this variety are medium sized and brown in colour. This variety is resistant to dry and dwarf diseases. Also, less damage has been observed from caterpillars that eat the pods. This variety has higher iron content than irrigated varieties.
More production than 5 varieties
Gujarat farmers currently sow 5 irrigated varieties of gram, which give 12 to 75 percent more production than their production, so it has the potential to bring a big revolution in gram cultivation in Gujarat.
Production of irrigated farms
1 – Dahod gives 25.3 percent more production than yellow.
2 – Gujarat gram gives 26.3 percent more production than 1 variety.
3 – Gujarat gram gives 12.8 percent more production than 5 varieties.
4 – NBEG gives 75 percent more production than 47 varieties.
5 – JG 24 gives 34.8 per cent more production than the varieties.
Non-irrigated production
In non-irrigated areas, Gujarat Chana 8 varieties give 2017 kg production. hectare.
Currently, farmers have given 12 per cent to 30 per cent more production than the control varieties sown.
1 – Gujarat Chana 1 ripens 25.5 per cent more.
2 – Gujarat Chana 2 produces 30.4 per cent more than the varieties.
3 – Gujarat Junagadh Chana 3 gives 16.9 per cent more yield than the varieties.
4 – Gujarat Junagadh Chana 6 gives 11.9 per cent more grain than the varieties.
5 – JG 24 gives 24.5 per cent more yield.
Which sector will benefit the most from the new invention?
Jamnagar district, where the maximum gram crop is grown with new varieties, can benefit the most with 85 thousand hectares and Amreli district with 83 thousand hectares of cultivation. The share of these two districts in production in the whole of Gujarat is 25 percent. In contrast, Botad and Porbandar come under non-irrigated districts. In Botad, gram is cultivated in Bhalia of Bhal area and Ghed of Ghedia area. Good productivity is being achieved here. Most gram is cultivated in Patan district. Gram is the second largest crop in Ahmedabad district. Gram is the second largest crop in Surendranagar and Rajkot districts. Gram cultivation In Gujarat, gram is cultivated in 8 lakh 55 thousand hectares. Farmers grow 15 lakh 51 thousand tonnes of gram. The average production per hectare is 1841.27 kg. 2017 kg in non-irrigated gram and 2814 kg in irrigated gram per hectare is produced from new varieties. This simply means that due to the discovery of new seeds of gram, the current average productivity can increase by 25% to 50%. If all the farmers plant these new varieties, there can be a huge increase in production. If this happens, the production of gram can increase from 8 lakh tons to 4 lakh tons. 10 years ago, i.e. in 2011-12, the production of gram per hectare was barely 1139 kg. With the arrival of new seeds, it has increased to about 1800 kg. Now, with the new discovery, it will increase to 2200 kg. Gram is the best among pulses. In Gujarat, 20 lakh tons of pulses are produced in a total of 13 lakh 50 thousand hectares in all three seasons. This simply means that more than all the pulses, gram is cultivated in 8.55 lakh hectares and other pulses in 5 lakh hectares. Gram is cultivated in 15.51 lakh tons and other pulses in 5 lakh tons. In Gujarat, the share of gram in the total pulses is 75 percent. It is clear from this that the people of Gujarat eat the most dishes made of gram.
Scientific tips for gram cultivation
Farmers prepare for the winter crop immediately after sowing the monsoon. In which the preparation of the gram crop has to be started early. Gram is such a crop
Chickpea is a type of chickpea that is grown in cold and dry climate, water scarcity, low maintenance, low effort and less labour.
The amount of cold and chilly days in Gujarat is less than other states. In Gujarat, it ripens in three and a half to four months. But in cold areas like Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana, it ripens much later, so Gujarat farmers are competing with them.
Gram Varieties
GRG 8 chickpea cultivation will be popular this winter.
Gujarat Chana – 7
Among the indigenous varieties, Gujarat Chana 7 variety has been discovered in 2021. It yields 1859 kg per hectare in 95 days. The weight of 100 almond seeds is 26.1 grams.
Gujarat-03 variety is sown in the fields.
India
There are two varieties of chickpea in India, Kabuli and Desi. Kabuli varieties are large-grained and white, which need long winters and harsh cold. In Gujarat, its expected production is not achieved. Desi chickpea varieties are more suitable for Gujarat.
Gujarat Chole-1
Many varieties of Desi chickpea have been released for Gujarat. Gujarat Chole-1 variety is for Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. It is for both irrigated and non-irrigated areas. Its yield is 25 percent more than the old varieties Dahod Yellow and ICCC. 4. Under irrigated conditions, the yield is up to 2200 kg per hectare. Under non-irrigated conditions, the yield is up to 1200 kg per hectare.
Gujarat Chole-2
Gujarat Chole-2 variety is non-irrigated variety. It is suitable for Bhal of Ahmedabad and Ghed area of Junagadh-Porbandar. It ripens in 95 days. The chickpea is two and a half to three times bigger than the Chafa variety. The production is up to 1200 kg per hectare. It is resistant to drought disease. It is popular in Bhal. Apart from Bhal and Ghed, it is also cultivated in Godhra, Dahod, Bharuch, Navsari, Kheda, Vadodara. In Kheda it is known as Dollar Chana and in Bhal as Boot Bhavani. Due to the large grains, it is more suitable for raw ginger. Farmers in Panchmahal district have started sowing it. Jabalpur Jawahar Chana Under the All India Chickpea Integrated Project of Jabalpur, 24 varieties have been developed by the scientists of Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University. It gives good yield at low cost. For cold areas, this variety ripens in 115 days. If the weather is cloudy or cloudy, then there is damage. If there is not enough cold before harvesting or the heat increases, then the production decreases.
Soil
Gram grows well in moisture absorbent, black, medium black, alluvial soil. It grows in white, sandy soil.
Gram is sown when the water accumulated in the field dries up after the monsoon. Seeds are sown in 10 to 15 cm deep moisture. Gram can ripen due to the moisture accumulated in the field after harvesting of paddy crop.
In irrigated areas, the land is prepared by adding 10 tonnes of cow dung per hectare and using rake, hoe and harrow.
Sowing
Anand Agricultural University has decided the time of sowing gram after studying the fields. Seeds are treated with fungicide and rhizobium culture. 3 grams of fungicide or Trichoderma seeds are given as medicine to prevent disease. This medicine protects from seed-borne diseases like scab. It is sown from 15 October to 15 November after the onset of cold. In non-irrigated areas, Gujarat Chana-2 is sown based on the moisture in the soil. Sow 60 kg of seeds per hectare at a distance of 30 to 45 cm between two rows. Big gram is sown at 75 to 80 kg. At the time of sowing, an installment of 20 kg nitrogen and 40 kg phosphorus per hectare is given as basic fertilizer in the row. 87 kg DAP and 10 kg urea fertilizer should be given per hectare in the base. Nitrogen factory Rhizobium bacteria start in the roots of gram in 21 days, so the plant itself acquires the ability to use nitrogen from the air. Due to this, gram does not need additional fertilizer. Giving additional nitrogen makes the plant grow and hence flowers appear late. Crop with only 3 waterings
After watering after sowing, give the second water when the branches germinate i.e. after 20 days. Give the third water on 40 to 45 days when flowers appear and the fourth water on 60 to 70 days when pods appear. Special irrigation is required in the three important stages of branch germination, flowering and pods.
Give insecticide to kill the green caterpillar that eats the pods.
Blight
Plants dry up. Vertical black-brown lines are visible on cutting the stem. Seeds should be treated with fungicide. Giving one ton of dill husk per hectare reduces the severity of the disease. Do not sow gram at the same place every year.
Virus
Virus disease is caused by an insect called Molo. The outbreak of the disease increases. This disease catches when the cold subsides. The leaves become copper-colored and thick. Fruits are not produced or are produced less. The plant becomes weak and falls prey to the disease.
Desi method
This method has not been given by agricultural scientists, but many farmers adopt it.
Spraying water made from jaggery, milk, cow urine before the fruit appears can increase production. Seeds are treated with Beejamrut. 100 kg of cow dung and 100 kg of solid Jeevamrut are mixed and given to 1 acre of land. Mulching is done. Once a month, 200 liters of pesticide is sprayed on the soil per acre or pesticide is sprayed on the crop.
Pulses Research Center of Junagadh Agricultural University
Dr. Rakesh Javia, Gram Research Scientist of Gujarat Gram Research Institute, told that after the two varieties of Kabuli gram, cultivation of Kabuli gram has become possible in Gujarat. Agricultural scientists have succeeded in finding a new hybrid variety called Gujarat Kabuli gram 2 (GKG 2: Sorath Kabuli 2).
The early maturing Kabuli gram variety is Gujarat Kabuli gram 2 (GKG 2: Sorath Kabuli 2).
2117 kg of Kabuli large gram seeds have been produced per hectare.
Compared to control varieties
1-KAK 2 gives 29.1 percent more production than 2.
2-JGK 1 gives 16.5 percent more gram than 1.
3-PG 0517 variety has given 24.8 percent more gram than the variety.
Gujarat Kabuli Chana 2 new variety has large grains. The average weight of 100 grains is 35.8 grams.
Gujarat Kabuli Chana 2 variety is resistant to drought and dwarf disease. Less damage has been observed from papaya dry mealybug. Gujarat Kabuli Chana 2 variety can produce 67.45 percent more pulses than the control varieties. Iron content is 63.58 ppm. Zinc content is 38.68 ppm.
Gram scientist recommends
New variety of Kabuli Chana
Dr. Rakesh Javia, Gram Research Scientist of Pulses Research Center of Junagadh Agricultural University, said that Kabuli Chana was cultivated in a very small area in Gujarat, but due to good prices being received by the farmers, the area of Kabuli Chana cultivation is increasing. Usually Kabuli Chana crop requires long winter and more cold, so that the weight and size of grains in large grain Kabuli varieties is good. At present, two varieties of chickpea have been recommended by Junagadh Agricultural University to the farmers of Gujarat for cultivation.
Gujarat chickpea – 1
Gujarat chickpea – 1 released in the year 2021 for irrigated and non-irrigated areas. Non-irrigated 1200 to 1400 kg. production per hectare. In irrigated areas, 2000 to 2500 kg grain production is obtained per hectare. The grains are very large in size and white in color. This variety is resistant to dwarfism disease. Also, less damage has been observed in this variety from pod-eating caterpillars.
Gujarat chickpea – 2
Gujarat chickpea – 2 variety plants are of erect type. Released in the year 2023 for irrigated cultivation, it is now recommended for sowing by farmers. 2100 to 2500 kg grain production is obtained per hectare. The grains are large in size and white in colour. This variety is resistant to dryness and dwarfism disease. Less damage has been observed from pod eating caterpillars.
Method of cultivation of Kabuli gram
A gram scientist said that the method of cultivation of Kabuli gram is similar to that of domestic gram, but some things should be taken special care of.
The seed rate of large grain varieties of Kabuli gram should be kept at 120 to 140 kg per hectare. The seed rate of medium grain varieties should be kept at 100 to 125 kg per hectare so that the number of plants per hectare remains intact.
It is always very important to treat the seeds before sowing. For seed treatment, first apply fungicide and then apply a layer of rhizobium culture at the time of sowing. To prevent the disease, apply fungicide Carbendazim 1 gram and Thiram 2 grams or Trichoderma viridi 4 grams and Vitavax 1 gram per 1 kg of seed. This medicine provides protection against seed-borne and soil-borne diseases like blight. If the seed bed has to be treated with pesticide, first apply fungicide, then after applying pesticide, finally apply a layer of Rhizobium culture.
Kabuli gram should not be sown in the soil where blight disease occurs.
Kabuli gram should always be sown on time. There is a high possibility of negative impact on production and quality if sowing is done late. Change or increase in temperature during flowering and grain filling has a negative impact on production. (Google translation from Gujarati)
