ગુજરાતી
English
Dilip Patel
Ahmedabad, 12-09-2024
(Google translation from Gujarati. Language errors are likely, see Gujarati on controversy)
On the advice of Home Minister Amit Shah and on the basis of his immense wealth, Shankar Singh Vaghela is now going to form a new political platform in Gujarat. It has been named Kshatriya Asmita Manch. It will help BJP in the next elections. Shankar Singh Vaghela has previously been in two new parties Mocharo and BJP and Congress. He is once again going to play a political innings with BJP. He has once sat with Amit Shah and Shankar Singh.
On May 1, 1960, on the foundation day of the state of Gujarat, it was announced that all efforts will be made to establish a fair and efficient administrative system. But after 2001, this principle has been abandoned in the Arabian Sea. In 70 years, the number of national parties has decreased from 14 to 6. In democracy, governance, dialogue between people and government, social classes, factors, public issues, gaining power and retaining it for as long as possible are the basic objectives of every political party. There are three types of state-governance systems in India- one-party system, two-party system and multi-party system. Gujarat has mostly been a two-party system. Some regional parties have tried to challenge the Congress-BJP but have not emerged as alternatives. BJP has ruled Gujarat the most and Congress the least. There have been many attempts to form a third party or front in Gujarat. They have largely failed. If we look at the influence of Gujarat politics, traditionally there is a conflict between two parties, it is true that it would be too much to say that there is no place for a third party here. When the BJP was started about three and a half decades ago, it was also the ‘third factor’ in Gujarat and has been in power for the last two and a half decades.
Jan Vikalp, Nationalist Congress Party, Rashtriya Janata Party, Gujarat Parivartan Party, Maha Gujarat Janata Party,
The people of Gujarat are not regional by nature, so they are more accepting of national parties. In view of this, the experiments of previous regional parties failed.
The BTP has two MLAs, NCP has one and one MLA.
Except for one or two exceptions like Babubhai Jashbhai Patel and Chimanbhai, the experiment of any third party or front in the state has not been successful.
When the regional party was formed in Gujarat in 2014, the number of political parties in the country was 1687. There were 54 regional parties in the country. The six national parties were Indian National Congress, BJP, BSP, CPI, CPI(M) and NSP.
There were 1627 illegal political parties. Very few of these political parties had their own website. In the 2009 Lok Sabha elections, 2 thousand candidates were from illegal parties.
The number of registered unrecognized political parties doubled between 2010 and 2021. There were 1112 parties in 2010 which increased to 2301 in 2019. In 2021 this number reached 2858.
The number of parties increases before the Lok Sabha elections. The number of parties increased by 9.8 percent between 2018 and 2019, while it was 18 percent between 2013 and 2014. Out of the total 2796 registered unrecognised parties, only 230 or 8.23 per cent registered unrecognised parties’ annual audit for 2019-20 and only 160 or 5.72 per cent annual grant reports were publicly available.
Partition
Today’s Gujarat was divided in ancient times into three regions Anarta (North Gujarat), Surashtra (Saurashtra), Lat. There is little canonical historical support for this creation of Puranic times.
After the division of Maharashtra and Gujarat on the basis of language, the first election in the state was held in 1962, leading to the formation of the second assembly of the state. For the first time after the separate state of Gujarat, the three regions of Gujarat, Saurashtra State and Kutch were united.
From 1960 to 1962, MLAs from seats falling in Gujarat region of the then Bombay Legislative Assembly represented the people. That assembly had 132 MLAs.
The 1962 assembly election was held on 154 seats. By 1975, the political landscape of Gujarat consisted of the Congress, the Swatantra Party and the Praja Socialist Party.
In the first election, the Congress won 113 seats, the Independent Party 26, the Praja Socialist Party 7, besides seven independents. Some of the independents were former monarchists, while others remained with the Swatantra Party.
The BJP’s predecessor party Jan Sangh contested 26 seats but could not win a single seat.
C. Rajagopalachari, Kanaiyalal Munshi and Minoo Masani were leaders of the Swatantra Party.
The Praja Socialist Party had a clan of Jayaprakash Narayan, Ram Manohar Lohia, Ashok Mehta, George Fernandes and J.B. Kripalani.
The number of seats increased to 168 in 1967, but the turnover of the Congress was worse than expected. Despite the increase in the number of seats, the party won 93 seats, while the Swatantra Party got 66 seats.
While the Praja Socialist Party had to be content with just three seats. Through this election, the first MLA of the Jan Sangh reached the Gujarat Legislative Assembly.
Hitendra Desai, who became the Chief Minister after the death of predecessor Balwantrai Mehta in a plane crash on the border with Pakistan, returned to power, but he decided to side with the anti-Indira leaders.
Morarji Desai, K. Kamaraj etc. were leading this front. Internal dissent in the Congress made it necessary to impose President’s rule in the state.
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Rekha
Patel, Congress and Navnirman
Gujarat Legislative Assembly Image Source, Kalpit Bachech
Gujarat Legislative Assembly elections were held in March-1972 after nearly 10 months of President’s rule.
Vidhan S
The BJP now began sitting in the newly-created capital Gandhinagar (from February 1971) instead of Ahmedabad.
This time a House of 168 members was to be formed. Just three months ago, India had engaged Pakistan in a war
It was defeated and a separate Bangladesh was created.
Indira Gandhi became a powerful leader of the Congress (I) and the country. The direct impact of which was also seen on the election results of Gujarat.
Five years ago also, the Congress Party had won 140 seats by winning 93 seats. The membership of the Jan Sangh increased to three. The Indian National Congress (Organization), which broke away from the Congress, won 16 seats.
Ghanshyam Ojha was the Industry Minister in the Indira Government, he was sent to take charge of Gujarat. At that time Ratubhai Adani, Jaswant Mehta and Chimanbhai Patel were considered contenders for this post.
Play video, “State government said in assembly that there are no fair pickers in Gujarat, but what is the truth?”, duration 3:40
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Video caption, State government said in assembly that there are no fair pickers in Gujarat, but what is the truth?
Chimanbhai tried his best to stop Ghanshayambhai, but failed.
A farmhouse ‘Panchvati’ near Gandhinagar became the centre of political activity. Eventually Indira Gandhi was forced to relent, Ojha was removed and Chimanbhai Patel was installed in July-1973.
For the first time, the reins of the state’s governance came into the hands of a Patidar.
However, his government was accused of corruption. Students launched a ‘Renewal Movement’ against inflation and corruption.
Jayaprakash Narayan raised the slogan of ‘Total Revolution’ and finally Chimanbhai was forced to dissolve the assembly.
First option
In the first week of June-1975, assembly elections were held in Gujarat. After the results in the second week, for the first time an alternative to Congress emerged in the state, but their core clan was Congress.
Congress emerged as the largest party with 75 seats, but remained far from the majority. Congress (Organization) got 56 seats, Bharatiya Jana Sangh got 18, Bharatiya Lok Dal got two and Chimanbhai’s Kisan Mazdoor Lok Paksha got 12 seats.
For the first time in Gujarat, a non-Congress government was formed under the leadership of Babubhai Jashbhai Patel of Congress (O) with the support of Janata Morcha.
But, within a week the political scenario of the country changed. On 25 June, emergency was imposed in the country. At this time it became easy for opposition leaders including Jana Sangh to take refuge in Gujarat.
This government could not last long and in about nine months, President’s rule was imposed by Indira Gandhi.
Later a government was formed under the leadership of Congress leader Madhav Singh Solanki. With the change of power in Gujarat in March-1977 and the return of Babubhai Jashbhai Patel to power, the Janata Party government came to power at the center.
In January-1980, the Morarji government fell at the center and Indira Gandhi returned, which also affected the politics of Gujarat and the government of Babubhai Jashbhai Patel fell.
Through the constitutional amendment, the number of Legislative Assembly and Parliament was limited to 2025. So since then, 182 public representatives have been elected to the Legislative Assembly in Gujarat.
So far, a total of four Patidar Chief Ministers have got seven terms in Gujarat. The first woman Chief Minister of the state Anandiben Patel (May-2014 to August-2016) was also a Patidar.
She won the second term with 70 seats under the Janata Dal (G-Gujarat). BJP became its junior party with 67 seats and Keshubhai Patel became a minister in this government.
BJP came to power for the first time and later joined hands with Congress to reverse the political situation, the experiment with the new option failed.
Chimanbhai could not complete his term as he died during the current term and the reins were handed over to Khabildas Mehta.
For the first time after Mehta, BJP formed a full majority government in Gujarat.
Keshubhai Patel, the architect of the victory, became the Chief Minister, but in less than a year in power, Shankar Singh’s hunger for power led to internal rebellion.
Opposition to Shankar Singh forced him to step down in less than a year and installed his confidant Suresh Mehta as a compromise formula.
However, the political instability did not go away and necessitated the imposition of President’s rule in the state.
Shankarsinh Vaghela formed the Nationalist Congress Party along with rebel MLAs of BJP and formed the government with the help of Congress, but under pressure from Congress he had to step down and put his confidant Dilip Parikh in power.
The Rashtriya Janata Party was formed in 1996 after breaking away from the BJP. It was later condemned in the Congress. Before the 2017 Gujarat Assembly elections, he broke away from the Congress and joined the ‘Janvikalp’.
Before the 2019 Lok Sabha elections, Vaghela joined the Nationalist Congress Party. He expressed his desire to join the Congress before the local elections in Gujarat in February 2021.
Keshubhai Patel once again became the Chief Minister in the 10th Assembly and the BJP won 117 seats.
This time there was no internal crisis in the party and everything was going well, on 26 January 2001, an earthquake struck Gujarat.
Keshubhai’s government was accused of not working properly and he was ousted.
The reins of governance went to a worker named Narendra Modi, who ruled the state for a record 13 years and reached the post of Prime Minister.
Chimanbhai Patel was successful in convincing the Patidars who were standing in favor of the Congress that the Congress is the only party with the support of the society.
Injustice has been done to the people. Indira Gandhi’s confidant Madhavsinh Solanki created the KHAM (Kshatriya, Harijan, Adivasi and Muslim) equation in the 1985 assembly elections, which got unprecedented success.
The Congress got a record 149 seats. The Janata Party got 14 seats and the BJP got 11 seats. The BJP, which emerged as the ‘third party’ in that election, went on to dominate the state’s political scene for more than two and a half decades.
Despite this spectacular success, he had to hand over the reins to Amar Singh Chaudhary in less than four months. First the Janata Party and then the BJP tried to woo the Patidars.
After the demise of Chimanbhai, Keshubhai Patel became the ‘face of the Patidar’.
However, after being out of power in 2001, the Narendra Modi leadership has been successful in retaining power by uniting OBCs (other backward classes), Patidars, Kshatriyas and Adivasis etc., sometimes on the mathematics of communalism and sometimes in the name of development. .
In the 2002 assembly elections after the Godhra incident, BJP under the leadership of Narendra Modi won 127 seats and Congress won 51 seats.
During the 2007 assembly elections, Keshubhai Patel called upon the society to vote for ‘change’, which was a clear indication of not voting for the BJP. Patel did not cast his vote, symbolically declaring that he was not with the BJP.
In this election, BJP under the leadership of Narendra Modi won and the party got 117 seats and Congress got 59 seats. In the next assembly elections, Modi and Keshubhai were face to face.
During the 2012 assembly elections, Keshubhai Patel founded ‘Gujarat Puratan Paksha’. He was accompanied by Gordhan Jafia, who was the Home Minister of Gujarat at the time of the Godhra incident. Apart from this, former Chief Minister Sureshbhai Mehta was also associated with the party.
The party was mainly concentrated in the Saurashtra region and had a large base on the Patidar factor. In that assembly election, BJP had won 115 seats, while GPP had won only two seats.
Before the 2014 Lok Sabha elections, GPP merged with BJP and in 1995, Keshubhai Patel ‘Bapa’, who laid the foundation of BJP in Gujarat, retired from politics.
The people of Gujarat give a clear mandate and hand over the reins of power to only one party. Actually, it is not about the formation of a third front, but about the formation of a second party in the form of AAP. Wherever a new party comes into existence, it grows at the cost of Congress.
During the 2007 assembly elections, NCP won three seats and Janata Dal United won one seat. In 2012, NCP got two and JDU got one seat. While in the current assembly there was an independent MLA Jignesh Mevani and two MLAs of Bharatiya Tribal Party.
History
Politically, Gujarat politics has seen many ups and downs.
During this period the one-party-dominance system experienced a change to a two-party system; but there have also been occasions when Congress and BJP have changed governments only due to internal party issues.
From 1962 to 1994 only twice non-Congress governments were formed. Only during Babubhai Patel’s Chief Ministership Janata Morcha was in government from 18-6-1975 to 12-3-1976 and from 11-4-1977 to 17-2-1980.
On Dt. 4-3-1990 Janata Dal formed a mixed government with Bharatiya Janata Party under the leadership of Chimanbhai Patel. But due to Ram Mandir, BJP withdrew its support from the government. Later Chimanbhai merged with Congress and Congress formed the government.
Overall Gujarat has done commendable work in various fields due to stable governments.
There was unstable governance in Gujarat due to BJP. In the period from 1994 to 1998, four Chief Ministers held office for short periods, namely Mbildas Mehta, Suresh Chandra Mehta, Shankarsinh Vaghela and Dilipbhai Parikh. This was a period of unstable politics in Gujarat. In March 1998, the Bharatiya Janata Party came to power.
Until the Narendra Modi government came to power, Gujarat had adopted a realistic approach towards socialist social structure. Then came capitalist governments. Farmers were freed from exploitation by eliminating all vested interests of the interim in the agricultural business. Then in Moda, the capitalists again took over farming.
The inequality of backward classes and regions was rapidly decreasing, their level of development increased and they came at par with others, but after the Narendra Modi government came to power, economic and social inequality decreased. Like Madhav Singh, casteism was also prevalent in the Modi regime.
Established schemes for employment, activities for the welfare of small farmers, landless agricultural laborers and weaker sections of the society were carried out till 2001. These were the basic activities of the new social structure. Gujarat achieved good results in its implementation. But after the BJP’s capitalist Modi government came, it has become an industry-centric government only.
For the implementation of the socialist program at the state level, formation of planning commissions, abolition of interim occupancy in relation to land reform, amendment in the Constitution and maximum limit of land acquisition were enacted and their full and quick implementation was also done. For the first time in Gujarat. Its end also started from 2001.
The implementation of the Land Ceiling Act has made land distribution more fair and equitable. A successful experiment of the revolutionary concept of ‘Khede tei zameen’ has also been done in Gujarat. As a result, 7 lakh Ganotiyas became owners of 15.5 lakh hectares of land in 1970. In Modi Raj, there are small farmers again, who are selling their lands and becoming agricultural laborers.
Hey, during Modi’s rule, 16 lakh hectares of land was given to industries in Gujarat. He did this even when industries could have been set up on 21 lakh hectares of barren land. Non-agricultural land use had increased from 11 lakh hectares to 15 lakh hectares. Bhupendra Patel’s capitalist government decided to allot 1 lakh 7 thousand hectares of land to industries in 2020. Gauchar land was 10,52,500 hectares
t was 7,86,800 hectares.
Given the way the desert of Kutch is being given away, 16 lakh hectares of land will go to industry. Thus every year 1 lakh hectare (2.48 lakh acres) of land is going to industries. Every year 1 lakh hectare of land is going into the purview of industry or companies. Thus 1 thousand square kilometers of land has gone to industrialists. 10 hectares is 1 lakh square meters of land.
During this period 20 thousand hectares of surplus land was acquired by the government under the Land Ceiling Act and Land Abolition Act, which was distributed to landless agricultural labourers. Thus, Gujarat set a model for the whole country in the socialist distribution of the country’s major assets like land.
In the 2002 Gujarat state elections, the BJP retained its majority and Narendra Modi became the Chief Minister of Gujarat State. On 1 July 2007, Narendra Modi became the longest serving Chief Minister of Gujarat State. When state elections were held in Gujarat in December 2012, the BJP as a party retained the majority and formed a new government after the election. At this time also Narendra Modi was declared the Chief Minister of Gujarat State.
The 16th general election of the country was held in 2014. In this general election, BJP had declared Narendra Modi as the Prime Ministerial candidate even before the election. Hence, he resigned from the post of Chief Minister of Gujarat State on 21-5-2014. In this phase Anandiben Patel was declared the Chief Minister and she assumed the post of Chief Minister. She was the first woman Chief Minister of the state of Gujarat. Anandiben Patel resigned from the post under retirement conditions at the beginning of her 75th year. In fact, she was expelled by Narendra Modi and Amit Shah. In August 2016, Vijay Rupani was declared the Chief Minister. He was also expelled.
Lok Sabha 2024
The number of national parties has come down from 14 to 6 in more than seven decades.
674 parties participated in the 2019 election.
The Trinamool Congress got the national party status in 2016, while the Aam Aadmi Party became a national party in 2023 after winning 12 percent of the votes in the Gujarat Assembly.
After the 2019 elections, TMC, NCP and CPI lost their national party status.
The Election Commission has published the book Leap of Faith.
53 political parties participated in the first Lok Sabha election of 1951. The number of political parties in 2024 is 2,500.
The status of a national party determines that the party’s election symbol is reserved for its candidates across the country. They get land for office in the capital Delhi. There are currently six national parties in the country. These include BJP, Congress, Bahujan Samaj Party, CPI (M), National People’s Party and AAP.
Parties in Gujarat
Political Parties and Elections in Gujarat
Gujarat Congress:
Congress in Gujarat started functioning as an organized political organization in 1920 itself. In 1947, Morarji Desai was appointed minister of Gujarat Pradesh Congress Committee. Later he became the leader of the provincial Congress.
Gujarat Congress has been dominated by one person from the beginning. Sardar Patel, Morarji Desai etc. are examples of this. However, since the end of one-person dominance, Gujarat Congress has not had a central figure. The dominance of one person has helped in maintaining discipline, harmony and organization in the party.
The split of the Congress at the national level in 1969 affected the Gujarat Congress and the Gujarat Congress Party split into the ruling Congress (Indicate) and the organisation Congress (Syndicate). However, over time, only one Congress (I) has come into existence now.
The Congress Party became the main opposition party after the BJP won a majority in the 1995 assembly elections. The lack of strong leadership has been limiting this party. However, it has retained its position as a strong opposition party. It performed well in the December 2017 elections.
Swatantra Party: A few leaders like Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, Kanaiyalal Munshi and Minoo Masani founded the Swatantra Party in 1959, inspired by the belief that the Congress had encroached upon individual freedom through the policy of nationalisation. The party had strong support from large farmers and industrialists, businessmen, royals and retired civil servants who believed in free enterprise. This party was a liberal-minded party. In Gujarat, the leadership of the party remained in the hands of big farmers. Anti-Congress sentiment was a major factor in the growth of the Swatantra Party in Gujarat. In the 1962 Gujarat Assembly elections, the Swatantra Party fielded 106 candidates but won only 26 seats. In 1967, it fielded 146 candidates and won 66 seats, thus becoming an effective opposition party. The party was dominated by Patidars and Kshatriyas. Bhailalbhai Patel was the leader of the party. Eventually, the party merged with the Janata Party.
The Swatantra Party changed the one-party dominance system in Gujarat and introduced a two-party system.
The Navnirman Movement in the state led to the dissolution of the Gujarat Assembly in March 1974 and President’s rule continued till June 1975. The Janata Morcha government was formed after the elections in 1975. In this election, a new political party called Kisan Mazdoor Lok Paksha was formed which fielded 131 candidates out of which 12 candidates were elected. However, all these parties could not take root in Gujarat and the Congress (I) lost in the 1980 elections.
It re-established rule with a majority.
Janata Party:
The Janata Party included the Sanstha Congress, Bharatiya Jana Sangh, Samajwadi Party and Bharatiya Lok Dal along with the Congress for Democracy. Their ideology was liberal and right-wing. They were opposed to the centralization of political or economic power at the state or central level. They emphasized on the development of agriculture, small and medium scale cottage industries, cottage industries etc.
In the March 1977 Lok Sabha elections, the Janata Party won 16 out of 26 seats in Gujarat. In the 1980 Lok Sabha elections, the party got only 1 seat. The Janata Party fielded 151 candidates for 182 assembly seats, but won only 21 seats. In the 1985 elections, the Janata Party won 1 seat in the Lok Sabha and 14 seats in the Legislative Assembly. Gradually the party weakened and the constituent parties broke away from it.
Bharatiya Janata Party:
The former Bharatiya Jana Sangh is now the Bharatiya Janata Party. It came into existence in 1979 after the breakup of the Janata Party.
The performance of the Jana Sangh was poor in the previous elections. In 1962, they fielded 22 candidates in Gujarat but could not win a single seat. 1 seat in 1967, 3 seats in the 1971-72 assembly elections. In 1975, as a constituent party of the Janata Morcha, it won 18 seats. In the 1980 elections, the Bharatiya Janata Party fielded its candidates on 127 seats but won only 9 seats. In 1985, the party won 11 seats. The party won 67 seats in the 1990 assembly elections and 12 seats in the 1989 Lok Sabha. They also controlled the Ahmedabad, Rajkot and Surat Municipal Corporations.
In the 1995 assembly elections, the Bharatiya Janata Party fielded its candidates on 182 seats and strengthened its position by winning 121 seats. Apart from the Legislative Assembly, they have achieved remarkable success by getting absolute majority in most of the district panchayats, taluka panchayats and all the municipal corporations of the state.
The Bharatiya Janata Party was becoming an effective opposition party. It joined the mixed government for some time, but later got out due to a decision of the party. Gradually this party strengthened its position in Gujarat. In the 1995 assembly elections, it was successful in forming the government for the first time by winning most of the seats. In the 1997 elections too, he was successful in repeating the situation of 1995 by securing a majority in the assembly. At the national level, the party became so strong that it could form the government at the centre as well. In the 1999 Lok Sabha general elections in the state, it secured its position by winning 19 out of a total of 26 seats with a huge lead over other parties. The party won a majority in the 2002 and 2007 assembly elections and strengthened its position in the state. Due to continuous majority from 1995 to 2011, it became a first rank political party in the state. In the December 2012 elections, it won 115 seats and maintained political continuity as a majority party. In the 2017 elections too, it secured a majority.
Praja Samajwadi Party:
In Gujarat, the Praja Samajwadi Party had influence in some areas of Saurashtra and South Gujarat. They had the most influence in Mahuva in Saurashtra. Its influence was seen in Pardi taluka of Surat district in South Gujarat. In the 1952 assembly elections, the party fielded 80 candidates. Of these, it won 4 seats. The significance of this election was that the then Home Minister Morarjibhai Desai lost to Amul Desai from Valsadchikhli constituency by 19 votes. In 1957 it got 3 out of 20 seats, in 1962 7 out of 53 seats and in 1967 3 seats. Later, the effectiveness of the party declined as the party leaders joined the Congress. Now the party has become a relic.
Communist Party:
The footprint of the Communist Party in Gujarat is negligible. Since the thinking of the people of Gujarat has been predominantly right-wing, the left-wing communist party has not been able to get significant space despite many efforts. So far only once its candidate has been elected from Palitana constituency in the 1972 assembly elections. However, party president Dinkar Mehta was once the mayor of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation as a prominent leader of the Maha Gujarat Janata Party.
Apart from this, regional parties like Maha Gujarat Janata Parishad, National Congress, Kisan-Mazdoor Lokpaksh and Janata Dal (Gujarat) formed by breaking away from All India Janata Dal were also formed in Gujarat, but the importance of regional parties in Gujarat was not accepted by the people and after some time they became extinct.
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Here is the article of 23 August 2022.
In the local self-rule elections in rural and urban areas of Gujarat, separate and smaller parties from Congress have ruled. Earlier, the District Panchayat, Taluka Panchayats, Municipalities were ruled by non-Congress parties.
Communist
In 1968, a front of 5 anti-Congress parties with different ideologies won in Bhavnagar. Praja Samajwadi Party was the first party in Mahuva and Savarkundla Talpak Panchayat.
The Communist Party has already ruled in Palitana taluka.
The beginning of Jana Sangh
The first victory of Jana Sangh in Gujarat was in 1967 in Botad Municipality. Jana Sangh was a branch of RSS. Now it is BJP. Botad was a part of Bhavnagar district, which is now the district headquarters. In the 1967-68 elections in Botad, the predecessor party of BJP, Jana Sangh won its first victory after Congress. During this time Rajkot was also ruled by the then Jana Sangh. There was Jana Sangh in Rajkot too.
Mahuva
Mahuvama of Bhavnagar district
Praja Samajwadi Party ruled till 1964. Mahuva was considered the stronghold of Jaswant Mehta and Khimbaldas Mehta. Who moved from Panchhi to Congress. Ibrahim Kalania was the youth president of Mahuva Municipality. All the seats of Mahuva went to the account of Samajwadi Party-Prasopa.
Communist rule
Palitana Municipality of Bhavnagar district was ruled by the Communist Party before 1962.
In the 1980s, Palitana was also ruled by the CPM for a short time. Most of the Communist Party leaders of Bhavnagar district joined the Communist Party (Marxist) i.e. CPM under the leadership of EMS Namboodiripad and Jyotibasu.
Communist MLA
In the assembly elections of 1972 amid the Indira wave, Batuk Vora was elected MLA from Jain pilgrimage seat Palitana. He won the election as a Communist Party candidate from Datarda and Dunda. He lost in 1975.
Batu Vora was a journalist. He was a columnist in print. He remained loyal to the communist ideology.
Savarkundla
Savarkundla was in Bhavnagar district before 1996, then shifted to Amreli. From 1957 to 1967 Praja Socialist Party ruled Savarkundla Municipality and won all seats. Navinchandra Rawani was the Chairman of the Municipality. Navinchandra Rawani lost the Assembly elections in 1962 and 1967 and the Parliament elections in 1967.
After 1970, Rawani faction joined Congress. Navinchandra Rawani became MLA in 1972. He also became Deputy Minister in 1973. He lost the Assembly elections in 1975. Navinchandra Rawani won the Lok Sabha elections in 1980 and 1985 as an Indira Congress candidate.
Congress continued to rule despite the challenge of Praja Socialist Party in 1962.
Beginning of United Front
In 1967, the university movement formed a front of 5 parties for 40 seats in the Bhanagar Municipality elections. Jan Sangh Party was formed in 1952. After a crisis, it merged with Janata Party in 1977. In 1980, the Bharatiya Janata Party took a new avatar.
The Samantha Party, which is considered a completely right-wing party with the slogan of agrarian free market, Jan Sangh, another right-wing and hidden wing of the RSS, Communist Party with left-wing ideology, Dr. Front included Ram Manohar Lohia’s Samyukta Socialist Party and Chandrashekhar’s Praja Samajwadi Party.
26 councillors of Samyukta Morcha and 13 of Congress won.
12 corporators of Communist Party won.
Swatantra Party won 1 corporate.
Neeru Patel of Communist Party and Kanu Thakkar of Samyukta Socialist Party won the elections from two wards. The president or mayor for the first year was Neeru Patel, a militant woman leader of the Communist Party.
Hetaswini Mehta of Praja Communist Party was elected vice-president.
Kanu Thakkar, a militant leader of SSP was the president of Khadi Samiti.
Nagin Shah of Jan Sangh was the president of Nirman Samiti. In the second year all the office bearers were changed.
After 1982, Bhavnagar Municipality was made a Mahanagarpalika. The bean was then ruled by a party committee. In the first Bhavnagar Municipal Corporation election of 1985, Congress had 23 out of 51 corporators. Congress ruled with the support of independents. Since 1995, 5 municipal corporations of Bhavnagar are ruled by BJP.
Dharaji
In 1967, Left candidates won in Rajkot’s Dhoraji Municipality.
Ahmedabad
In the first election held in Ahmedabad, the political center of Gujarat after the Maha Gujarat struggle in 1962, the Maha Gujarat Janata Parishad won a majority. Maha Gujarat Janata Parishad was the organization that fought for Maha Gujarat. Congress came to power again in 1967.
Rajkot
Congress has come to power only once in Rajkot Municipality, the political center of Saurashtra. Rajkot was ruled by Congress from 2000 to 2005. BJP remains in power. This is a rare incident of continuous power in the political history of Gujarat.
Junagadh
Jan Sangh Congress BJP has gained power in Junagadh.
Jamnagar
Independents ruled Jamnagar from 1967 to 1972.
Vadodara
Congress government was in many places including Vadodara-Surat. BJP is ruling here since 1995.
Why one cycle rule of BJP?
The people of Gujarat have now stopped giving money to regional parties. Also, in 2022, not a single of the 37 regional parties of Gujarat is a regional party. After Keshubhai Patel and Shankarsinh Vaghela failed to capture the regional party in Gujarat, there are no more regional parties in Gujarat. Bhailalbhai Patel’s Swatantra Party, Chimanbhai’s Kimlop-Janta Dal, Keshubhai’s Gujarat Transport Party, Shankarsinh Vaghela’s third parties could not get more than 8 to 12 percent votes.
Aam Aadmi Party
In Gandhinagar elections, AAP got 21.7 percent votes and won 27 seats in Surat Municipal Corporation.
In 2021, BJP has 800 seats in Zila Panchayat. Congress has 169.
In Taluka Panchayat, BJP got 52.27 percent votes with 3351 seats and Congress got 1252 seats
38.82 percent votes were received. Aam Aadmi Party has got 31 seats. There were a total of 4771 seats.
Out of 2720 municipal corporation seats, BJP has won 2085 seats with 52.7 percent votes. Congress got 388 seats with 29.09 percent votes. NCP got 5 seats with 0.5 percent votes, Samajwadi Party got 14 seats with 0.83 percent votes, Aam Aadmi Party got 9 seats with 4.16 percent votes, Owaisi got 17 seats with 0.7 percent votes. Independents got 24 seats with 1.19 percent votes.
In 2010, BJP had 2460 public representatives out of a total of 4778. In 2015, it decreased to 1718. While Congress’s number increased from 1428 to 2102.
In the 2015 elections for local self-government – Mahanagar Palikas, Municipal Corporations and Panchayats, voter turnout increased by 4.59 percent. Therefore, BJP
Most of the organizations lost in the taluka-panchayat elections. BJP votes fell by 1.25 percent. Congress won 23 out of 31 district panchayats, 151 out of 221 taluka panchayats and 12 municipalities. In the changing mood, Congress finally gained weight.
In 2021, BJP got 54.19 percent votes in the district panchayat. Congress got 39.17 percent votes. Aam Aadmi Party got 2.66 percent votes.
In the Hindutva-dominated elections of 2002, Congress got only 35.38 percent votes. Which increased to 43.52 percent at the end of 2015. Thus the influence of Hindutva was heavy on the voters. Which is rising even today in 2021. In 2021, it has come down to 39 percent. The population has decreased by 4 percent.
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2029 Report
In 2019, BJP got 62.21 percent votes, Congress got 32.11 percent votes, NOTA got 1.38 percent votes, BSP got 0.86 percent votes, NCP got 0.09 percent votes, CPI got 0.02 percent votes for 26th Lok Sabha seat of Gujarat. Independents and others got 3.34 percent votes. Thus, the public chooses only two parties.
Names of new political parties are coming out during the Lok Sabha elections. From ‘Bharosa Party’, ‘Sabse Dost Party’ to Rashtriya Saaf Niti Party, a total of 2293 political parties have entered the fray. With the announcement of the dates of the Lok Sabha elections, it has been learned that a total of 2293 political parties have been registered in the country. Out of which 7 are national and 59 are state level. Barely 14 parties will be in the fray in Gujarat. One of which is Praveen Togadia’s party.
Not only this, till February this year, there were 2143 political parties in the country. In which 58 parties joined before the assembly elections in Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Telangana, Mizoram and Chhattisgarh during November-December last year. National parties include BJP, Congress, CPI, CPM, TMC, NCP and BSP.
There are some political parties which do not even have their own election symbol. Such 84 political parties will be able to contest elections with the help of election symbols given by the Election Commission. Apart from this, 149 parties have been registered from February to March.
Any local party has to get some seats in the Legislative Assembly or Lok Sabha to be registered at the national level. With the help of which it is registered at the national level.
In 2019
In 2019, only 3 parties have fielded their candidates on all the seats. The new party Hindustan Nirman Dal is at number four. Bharatiya Tribal Party has also fielded its good candidates.
A total of 60 candidates from political parties filed nominations. Out of 27 parties, 27 candidates had only one candidate. There were 8 parties which fielded 3 candidates each. There were 18 parties which fielded two candidates each.
50 dummy candidates of political parties will withdraw their candidature. The final picture will be clear when the nomination papers will be scrutinized and apart from withdrawal of candidature, they will be cancelled. But now 60 parties have come to contest elections in the desert.
Mostly independent candidates were in the fray. Which was going to be 366. With one or two candidates, the number of such single candidates will be around 400. A large number of them will withdraw their candidature. 24 out of 26 seats were such where the ruling party fielded independents or a party to get some votes. This ratio was less in Congress. According to an estimate, both the political parties together will spend Rs 1,000 crore on their candidates.
Independent – 366
Congress- 52
BJP- 47
Bahujan Samaj Party- 27
Hindustan Nirman Dal 11
Bharatiya Tribal Party – 9
Bahujan Mukti Party – 8
Yuva Jan Jagruti Party – 6
Apna Desh Party – 5
Vyavastha Parivartan Party-4
Garvi Gujarat Party – 3
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Party – 3
Swatantra Bharat Satyagraha Party-3
Vishwa Manav Samaj Kalyan Parishad – 3
Manav Samaj Kalyan Parishad-3
Vishwa Manav Samaj Kalyan Parishad – 3
Bharat Satyagraha Party-3
National Power Party – 2
Rashtriya Samaj Party – 2
All India Hindustan Congress Party-2
Nationalist Congress Party – 2
Bharatiya Rashtriya Janata Dal-2
United Development Party-2
All India Hindustan Congress Party-2
Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) – 2
People’s Party of India (Democratic-2)
Ambedkar Samaj Party-2
Ambedkar National Congress-2
Jan Satyapath Party-2
Right to Recall Party – 2
Bahujan Republican Socialist Party-2
People’s Party of India (Democratic) – 2
Rashtriya Jankranti Party-2
Gujarat Janata Panchayat Party-2
Janasangharsha Virat-2
Parties have only one candidate
Mahan Bharatiya Sangathan Par
T-1
New All India Congress Party – 1
Indian Bahujan Congress-1
Human Rights Nation Party – 1
Rashtriya Janlok Dal-1
Yuva Jagruti Dal-1
Pyramid Party of India – 1
Mahasankalp Janata Party-1
Gareeb Janshakti Party-1
Rashtriya Navnirman Bharat Party – 1
New All India Congress Party – 1
Bharatiya Shakti Chetna Party – 1
Bahujan Mukti Party-1
All India Jansangh – 1
Indian Business Party – 1
Sarvodaya Bharat Party – 1
Prajatantra Aadhar Party – 1
Democratic Nationalist Party – 1
Jan Satya Path Party – 1
Bahujan Maha Party – 1
Sanskriti Suraksha Bal-1
Human Rights National Party – 1
Ambedkarite Party of India – 1
Samata Samajwadi Congress Party-1
Rashtriya Samajwadi Party (Secular) – 1
Jansangharsha Virat Party-1
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2018
People working in Gujarat do not give votes or power to regional parties but also do not give money. Politics
Y Party was the party of Shankar Singh Vaghela, who did not give money to the party in the assembly elections.
Running a political party had become expensive. However, honest people in Gujarat do not make much money in politics
Regional parties in Gujarat do not have any capital. They barely run their party
98 per cent of which do not even have their permanent office.
There was an abnormal increase in the revenue of regional parties in the country.
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2018
Political parties play an important role in democracy as they contest elections, form the government, make policies and are responsible for governing and improving the lives of the common man. Political parties need access to money to reach out to voters, explain their goals, policies and get details from the people. But where do they raise their funds for all this? No one from Gujarat has given big amount to 37 political regional parties. That means people of Gujarat have stopped giving money to regional parties. Also, none of the 37 regional parties of Gujarat is such. Thus now there are no regional parties in Gujarat after Keshubhai Patel and Shankarsinh Vaghela failed to capture the regional party in Gujarat.
Out of 37 regional parties, 29 parties have filed income tax returns and 8 parties have still not filed income tax returns. In the year 2016-17, the total income of 29 political regional parties was Rs 347.74 crore.
The Election Commission has been provided details of contribution of Rs 55.21 crore by 411 companies or individuals to 31 regional parties. 5911 people have personally contributed Rs 35.4 crore.
Shiv Sena, SAD, SP, MNS, RLD, KC-M parties get 83 percent of their funds from businessmen or company-corporate houses. 16 political parties have declared that 84 percent of their income was donated individually. Parties who have said that they have received money from organizations.
The huge amount of money received by political parties is not known. Because that matter does not come under the purview of the Freedom of Information Act. In some countries like Bhutan, Nepal, Germany, France, Italy, Brazil, Bulgaria, America and Japan, parties make all its information public.
Any organization receiving foreign funding should not be allowed to support or campaign for any candidate or political party.
The financial documents submitted by political parties should be examined by an organization approved by CAG and ECI. So that the responsibility of political parties can be fixed.
National and regional political parties will have to provide all the information under the Right to Information Act. This will only strengthen political parties, elections and democracy. (Google translation from Gujarati, most likely the language is in Gujarati, see Gujarati for controversy)
