ગુજરાતી
English
Ahmedabad, 14 November 2023
Success in increasing the production of fruits, vegetables and fish as well as increasing cold storage in Gujarat.
Due to unavailability of cold storage, agricultural produce worth Rs 70 thousand crore to Rs 1 lakh crore gets wasted every year in the country. More than 30 percent of the total quantity of fruits and vegetables is lost before reaching the final consumer. The main reason for this wastage is lack of storage of agricultural produce. Farmers and traders in Gujarat earn Rs. Agricultural goods worth Rs 7 to 10 thousand crores get spoiled.
Due to this i.e. Rs 2500 per person, vegetables and fruits get spoiled. And goods worth Rs 12500 per family gets spoiled every year. There is a loss of Rs 1,000 per month in agricultural produce per family.
253 lakh tonnes of vegetables, fruits and spices are grown in Gujarat. If even 10 per cent is wasted then 25 lakh tonnes is wasted and if 30 per cent is wasted then 75 lakh tonnes is wasted. If the price of one kg is considered to be Rs 20, then agricultural produce worth Rs 15 thousand crore is destroyed.
There will be 483 cold storages in Gujarat in 2023. Whereas in 2018 there were 515 cold storages. Thus, 32 cold storages have been reduced in 5 years. In 2018, there were 515 cold storages in the state with 375 potato cold storages and 140 mixed commodities. Half of the cold storages in Gujarat are located in Disa alone.
The Central Government had announced in 2021 that the storage capacity of 969 cold storages in Gujarat is 38 lakh 22 thousand 112 metric tons. According to this, there should be 1 thousand cold storages in Gujarat. But the Agriculture Minister says that there are 483 cold storages.
In 2018, the Gujarat government announced that farmers’ cold storage storage capacity for agricultural produce and horticultural crops would be increased to 30 lakh metric tonnes. A big demonstration was held with 100 cold chain industries at Mahatma Mandir in Gandhinagar. A package of Rs 330 crore was announced by the state government for the farmers growing onion and potatoes. This announcement was made to make up for the price loss. In fact, the government should provide all assistance to set up cold storage. So farmers will be saved from loss of agricultural produce worth Rs 10 thousand crores.
Subsidy up to Rs 5 crore is given for setting up cold storage, pack house, irradiation plant.
Potato
Banaskantha is famous throughout the country for its potato production. Banaskantha has the maximum number of 200 cold storages in Gujarat. Every year 3 crore 15 lakh cut potatoes are produced in Banaskantha. Most potato farmers store them in cold storage in the hope of getting a good price.
Banaskantha Disa has the highest production of potatoes in the whole of Gujarat, hence it is known as Batata Nagari.
There were about 70 cold storages in 2011. After the government gave more concessions for cold storage projects, many farmers participated in the construction of cold storage, 130 new cold storages were built in five years and 100 new cold storages were also built in three years by 2015. Whereas in 2015, 15 storages were being built.
The government gives a subsidy of Rs 2 crore to build a cold storage of seven and a half thousand tonnes. Which was earlier Rs 5 crore. There are 200 cold storages around Disha city.
Potato harvesting starts in the month of February and potatoes are supplied as per the market demand from March, April to December.
Six to seven thousand people work every day. 12 thousand laborers come from outside for loading. A total of 16 to 17 thousand people are getting livelihood from the cold storage industry.
3000 crore business
From cold storage business to potato trade, there is a trade worth more than three thousand crores annually.
History
Potato cultivation in Banas River started one hundred and fifty years ago. One hundred and fifty years ago, the people of Muzda caste of Muslim community living here in Disa started the cultivation of potatoes. Later planting was started by Mali Samaj, Patel Samaj and Thakor Samaj living in Disa.
Onion
Not a single APMC market in Ahmedabad has cold storage where potatoes can be stored. However, apart from Ahmedabad, there are cold storages in APMCs in other districts, but there is no existing cold storage in Gujarat that can preserve potatoes along with onions and garlic for a long time. The goods coming from Gujarat to the local market cannot be stored on a large scale. Therefore, whenever the price of musk for the poor increases, Gujarat does not get the benefit of cold storage.
The reason for not having so much cold storage in Gujarat is the expensive system there. According to Ashish Guru, president of Gujarat Cold Storage Association, there are no cold storage facilities in Gujarat that can preserve onions and garlic. White onion is made in powder form and exported to foreign countries but there is no storage for the red onion crop.
Tomato
Ripe tomatoes can be stored comfortably for one to one and a half weeks at temperatures below 13 degrees Celsius without any spoilage or deterioration. Under normal storage, tomatoes can be kept comfortably for 4 to 5 days without any damage. Tomato is a crop that continues to ripen even after being plucked from the tree.
Jaggery
A cold storage with a storage capacity of 2,800 tonnes of jaggery was started by the 104-year-old Alidar Seva Co-operative Society of Alidar village in Kodinar taluk.
Arjanbhai dynasty was preparing to set up a solar plant. Agricultural products like jaggery, milk products, dates, tamarind, gram, groundnut seeds
etc. can be stored. Due to which the farmers of this area will get adequate price for their produce. Rupee. It was built with 7 floors and 7 thousand square feet at a cost of Rs 4 crore. Which has the capacity to hold 2 lakh gourd boxes.
Ahmedabad
There are about 700 cold storages of all types in Gujarat, including private warehouses of companies. It also includes ice cream business and cold storage of spice traders. The storage of potatoes and apples is very good. More than 2 lakh boxes of apples are stored in the cold storage of Gujarat and Ahmedabad. Apples can be stored for up to 10 months. Now kiwi fruit is also being preserved in cold storage. Cold storage is also running in Sabarkantha to preserve wafer potatoes. There are also special cold storages in Dehgam, Gandhinagar and Bijapur.
Due to financial crisis, was forced to sell 60 cold storages.
A good number of cold storage facilities for preserving fish also exist along the coast of Gujarat. But if facilities are increased at 3 airports of Gujarat then farmers can get good benefits.
Storage capacity
The average storage capacity of large cold storage in Gujarat is 7000 to 10000 tonnes. The biggest cost of cold storage is the electricity bill. Cold storage owners are in great trouble due to high electricity rates in Gujarat. Average per unit Rs. 8 will have to be paid. In Maharashtra Rs. As against the normal rate of cold storage per unit, it is Rs 5.11. 3.29 Power supply. This per unit price in Goa is Rs. Is of 3.25. Cold storage cost in Orissa is Rs. Electricity is provided at a price of Rs 4.10. Even in Haryana, the unit charge is two rupees less than that of commercial electricity connection holders.
Low fare, high cost:
It is only with the help of gas that fruits and vegetables are successful in maintaining or preserving the cold storage environment. They are paid Rs for preserving a box of 18 to 22 kg of this fruit. You get a fare of Rs 15. After saving the product for six to eight months, they can sell it for barely Rs. Available from 90 to 120. The cost of running cold storage is more than 25 percent of its average revenue. This cost increases up to 40 percent due to the weakening of the insulator and wear and tear of its machinery.
Since there is no automation, operating costs are high. An investment of approximately Rs 20 crore is required for a multi-item cold storage with a capacity of 10,000 tonnes with a payback period of 20 years. To start a business, you should have an investment capacity of Rs 3 to 4 crores.
If the goods are of poor quality, they will not be kept safe for long. If the prices of vegetables fall, farmers do not even come to buy them. 20 to 25 cold storages in Disha are going through this situation. Other cold storages are barely surviving.
About 110 cold storages in Gujarat have received solar subsidy.
Important State wise cold storage till 31.08.2020
Cold Storage and Capacity M.Ton
Andhra Pradesh and Telangana – 405 – 15 lakh tonnes
Bihar – 311 – 15 lakhs
Chhattisgarh – 99 – 5 lakh
Gujarat – 969 – 3822112
Haryana – 359 – 819809
Himachal Pradesh – 76 – 146769
Karnataka – 223 – 676832
Kerala – 199 – 81705
Madhya Pradesh – 302 – 1293574
Maharashtra – 619 – 1009693
Orissa – 179 – 572966
Punjab – 697 – 2315096
Rajasthan – 180 – 611831
Tamil Nadu – 183 – 382683
Uttar Pradesh – 2406 – 14714235
West Bengal – 514 – 5947311
All India – 8186 – 37425097
What does the future hold?
Cold chain infrastructure is a temperature-controlled supply chain that involves efficient storage, transportation and distribution of agricultural grains, fruits, vegetables, livestock products, etc. to extend shelf life.
Currently, agriculture and allied sectors contribute 18.3% to the GDP and employ 45.5% of the population. The size of the Indian cold chain market has increased to Rs. Rs 1,81,490 crore was expected. By 2028 Rs. 3,79,870 crore can be done. Shows an increase of 12.3 percent.
Rs 6000 crore was allocated in 2017. Cold storage capacity of 8.38 lakh metric tonnes has been created by 31 December 2022.
During 2022, MoFPI will allocate Rs. 120 proposals worth Rs 1672.05 crore were approved.
According to a study by NABARD, the country needs additional cold storage capacity of 35 lakh metric tonnes. 376 cold chain projects were approved under the Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure Scheme. This also includes fish cold storage.
Gujarat’s bright future
The area under cultivation and production of horticultural crops has increased during the last two decades in Gujarat.
Over the course of 20 years, the state has doubled the production of fruit crops, four times that of vegetables and three and a half times that of spice crops.
On an average, horticulture crops are planted in 60 thousand hectares every year in the state. New trees are planted in arid and semi-arid areas.
Fruit crops
In the year 2001-02, the cultivation area of fruit crops was 1 lakh 98 thousand hectares and production was 26 lakh 62 thousand metric tons, against which in the year 2022-23, the cultivation area of fruit crops was 4 lakh 48 thousand hectares and production 82 lakh 91 thousand metric tons. . 13.01 percent in fruit production.
Vegetables
The cultivable area of vegetable crops was 2 lakh 37 thousand hectares and production was 32 lakh 99 thousand metric tons, against which in the year 2022-23, the cultivated area of vegetable crops was 8 lakh 82 thousand hectares and production was 1 crore 67 lakh 18 thousand metric tons. Gujarat in production of vegetable crops Contribution is 12.59 percent.
Spices
At that time, the area under cultivation of spice crops was 2 lakh 57 thousand hectares and production was 2 lakh 40 thousand metric tons, whereas in the year 2022-23, the area under cultivation of spice crops has reached 6 lakh 57 thousand. hectare and production has reached 12 lakh 1 thousand metric tons. Gujarat contributes 10.96 percent to the total production of spice crops in India.
First in the country
Gujarat ranks first in the field of cultivation of papaya, sapota, lemon, okra, celery and fennel. Gujarat ranks first in the country in the production of papaya, sapota, fennel, cumin, ladyfinger and ajman. Pomegranate and lemon rank second in production. Gujarat ranks first in potato and fennel productivity. It ranks second in the country in pomegranate productivity.
Furthermore, Gujarat has its own distinctive and globally famous “Girni Kesar Aam” and “Kachchi Kharek”. Therefore, it has become necessary to increase the cold storage capacity in Gujarat. So that good returns can be obtained in vegetables, fruits, vegetables, milk, butter, agricultural and animal products.
Gujarat’s potential
Gujarat has 483 cold storages, 78 ripening rooms, 38 primary minimum processing units, 12 hi-tech nurseries, 371 shortening-grading-packaging units, 34 tissue culture laboratories, 23 biocontrol labs, 19 pre-cooling units and refrigerated vans.
India
India has become the country with the largest cold storage capacity in the world. 37795 storage projects with a capacity of more than 619 lakh metric tonnes have been sanctioned, for which subsidy of Rs 2199 crore has been provided. Around 250 projects with a capacity of more than Rs 1 million have been included in the last 2 years.
Online business
Online grocery and fresh food sales have increased. Due to this, the demand for cold storage segment is expected to increase rapidly. The total cold storage capacity in the country in 2019 was 37 to 39 million tonnes. Online food delivery revenue expected to grow 60 percent by 2023
Disa ahead of Kannauj
There are 143 cold stores in Kannauj district. The number of cold stores has more than doubled in the last 20 years. There were 51 cold stores. Between 2001 and 2010, 32 new cold stores were opened, while between 2011 and 2020, 62 new cold stores were opened.
Speed of cold store in Kannauj
In 1976, the first cold store in the district was built in Tirwa.
Till 1980, there were only three cold stores in the district.
From 1981 to 1990, six new cold stores were built in the district.
From 1991 to 2000, 42 new cold stores were started in the district.
Between 2001 and 2010, 32 new cold stores were built in the district.
Between 2011 and 2020, 60 new cold stores were built in the district.
Economics of Potato in Kannauj
Potato is produced in 48500 acres
125000 farmers cultivate potatoes
Potato production is 1500000 metric tons of potatoes.
The storage capacity of the cold store is 1385372 metric tonnes of potatoes.
