Farmers of Gujarat earning heavily in silk Farming. Surat can become real Silk City

At one time, Patan, Gujarat was world famous for making natural silk Patola. Now Surat can open a new door for the real silk industry. It has been recommended by Navsari Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya by experimenting on varieties that increase the potential of mulberry cultivation.

Varieties have been recommended for cultivation since 2019 by Navsari Agricultural University, Department of Entomology. Mulberry has new varieties of silkworms for mulberry in the heavily rain-fed agro-climatic region of South Gujarat. High quality economical silk can be obtained by cultivating FC1 + FC2 or FC2 + FC1.

Its eggs can be obtained from the National Silkworm Seed Organization of Central Silkboard, Bangalore. These varieties have been tested for South Gujarat, Navsari Agri Uni. Silk sarees are a world-wide business in Surat, so farmers in Gujarat can directly benefit from this. The silk fabric in the filling can be passed through the ring. Compared to India, Gujarat produces less than 3%.

Non-violence and poison

Gujarat is famous for non-violence and not likes to get silk from silkworms. However, in Gujarat, farmers in 17 lakh hectares kill crores of insects by spraying pesticides on cotton. Mulberry insects die less than this.

Fourth place in silk fabric

Surat and Khambhat are the fourth best places in India for textile making. Department of Entomology, Navsari Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, A.N. Gajjar, Dr. MB Patel, G.G. Radadia and his team have prepared many studies and seafaris for silk farming. The cultivation of silk is called shericulture. Since 1984, silk has been cultivated in Valsad, Surat, Navsari, South Gujarat.

Now farming has been started in Mehsana, Vadodara, Kheda. Since 2016, sericulture training has been provided to farmers at Navsari Agricultural University.
Research is currently underway for beetle insects. In Gujarat, Grace and Fletcher disease fall into insects.

Gujarat’s place in worm production in the country

Gujarat is the first state to cultivate silkworms. Patola is famous for its subtlety and beauty in Gujarat. It involves hand weaving using five or six traditional colors such as red, purple, blue, green, black or yellow. In which birds, flowers, animals, the best colors and shapes are painted with perfection of geometric style.

Surat Brocade

Tunchui Zari is named after 3 Surti Parsi brothers, known as Chui. Who learned this art in China. Then in Surat he started weaving cloth with art. Tenchu zari usually have a thick satin weave, purple or thick color and floral, lace, bird etc. designs.

China – India Production

China and India account for 60% of the world’s silk production. Silk is cultivated in France, Brazil, Japan, Russia, Korea. Gujarat does not have large-scale farming. India is second.

Silk business

The artificial silk saree of Surat is famous. There are now two new hybrids that can produce worm silk. Exports of natural silk textiles in India reached Rs 2,496 crore in 2015-16. 2093 crores in 2016-17. Exports are expected to be around Rs 3,000 crore in 2019-20. It employs 85 to 10 million people. It was 1685 million tonnes in 2011-12. The target was to produce 8500 MT in India in 2019-20.

Silk is ready in 30 days

Out of 2500 cocoons, 400 grams of silk thread comes. About 40 kg of cocoons can be produced from 100 disease-free eggs (40,000). Growing good quality silkworms yields 50 to 60 kg of Rosetta. Ready in 25 to 30 days. Dead cocoons are sold outside. Or it can be soldered by manually stripping the wire.

How is farming

Male and female silkworms eat mulberry leaves. Its leaves are fed to insects in a prepared tray. It is produced by 26 states of the country. The female lays 300 to 500 eggs in 24 hours. Lay eggs 9-12 times. Stage 4 contains eggs, larvae. As the caterpillar grows, it stops eating and secretes 70 to 80 percent of fibron protein from the mouth and extracts 20 to 30 percent of serine from the mouth through the salivary glands.

It does this for 2 to 2.5 days. As the caterpillar rotates round and round, its tendrils wrap around its body. In a cocoon, the length of the wire in it ranges from 300 to 900 meters. Which has a diameter of 10 microns. He dies by submerging JVJ Kocheto in hot water and the upper rhythm rings in a vermilion. If the cocoons are kept alive, Fudu will come out of them. So the top wire is cut. Fudu does not come out so it is immersed in hot water to kill. This work is mostly done by women in India.

Place it on the bamboo tray

The insects are kept in a separate building for rearing. A bamboo or wooden tram holds the worm and feeds it with mulberry leaves. It requires a temperature of 25 to 27 degrees and a humidity of 80 to 85 percent.

Mulberry leaf cultivation

One hectare produces 30 to 35 thousand kg of irrigated leaves. P From 2.30 to 2.40 lakh plants per hectare can be grown per year. Out of which 1200 kg Cocheta can be produced. A kilo of kocha costs around Rs. 100. The income per hectare was Rs 120,000. is. It costs 60 to 70 rupees to grow mulberry. Thus, a net profit of 50 to 60 thousand rupees is a hack. Advantage – Average cost is 1.33.

Varieties have 21 percent higher yields

Recently developed silkworm egg species have been recommended by the Central Silk Board in 2018. Silkworms have developed egg mulberry and Vanya silk species. The Tasar Silkworm (BDR-10) species is 21 percent more productive than the traditional Left Breed. Farmers can obtain up to 52 kg of cocaine per 100 disease-free egg bearing procedures (DFL).

Tribal farmers of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh will benefit from this silk variety. Hybrid (PMX FC2) species can produce 60 kilograms per kilogram to 100 kilograms per hour. This variety is suitable for farmers in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Maharashtra.