ગુજરાતી
English
Gandhinagar, 11 August 2020
Gujarat, which produces the largest amount of coconut on a single tree, is destroying the plantations to the white fly. On which the fly is carried away by spraying washing powder in water. Coconut fruit is used to enhance the immunity of humans, its consumption has increased in the corona. The then resistant coconut is now becoming diseased.
Consumption and production
People in India drink, eat, worship or consume, 7 coconuts a year. Coconut cultivation in India is done on 2 million hectares. In which 1.6 million tonnes of coconut is produced. 7804 kg of coconut is produced in one hectare. Coconut is cultivated on 25 thousand hectares in Gujarat. Which is 1.17 percent of India’s total. 2.32 lakh tonnes are produced. It shows 1.51 percent of India’s production. One hectare produces 9500 kg. Gujarat has the highest productivity in India. Now it is in great danger. The white fly brings coconut plants from Kerala to Gujarat, has come from it, and is destroying the plantations.
Production is decreasing
Scientists from Department of Entomology, Navsari Agricultural University and Junagadh University, Drs. Lalit Ghatia, HD Jhinjhuwadia and 5 other scientists have issued warnings. Shrifal is cultivated in Valsad, Junagadh and Girsomnath. The country has seen significant decline in coconut production along with Gujarat. In 2018-19, coconut production fell 10 percent to less than four years. India is the largest producer of coconut in the world. Coconut prices have doubled due to low production.
According to the third advance estimate of the Union Ministry of Agriculture, coconut production has come down to 213.48 crore units in the year 2018-19. Whereas in the year 2017-18, coconut production was recorded at 237.98 crore nang. In the year 2014-15, coconut production for the first time was 204.39 crore units. Coconut prices continued to rise after a sharp decline in 2014-15. Climate change is the biggest reason for the decline in coconut production. The producing regions, especially Kerala, have seen major changes in the weather. Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka account for about 85 percent of the country’s total coconut production. The average yield of coconut has decreased by 13.5 percent to 9815 unit per hectare.
Pest infections have increased in Karnataka due to less rainfall. As a result, coconut production has declined by 31 percent. Tamil Nadu has also witnessed a drought-like situation for the second consecutive year, with Andhra Pradesh having the highest coconut productivity of 13,563 nos. The state is increasingly adopting coconut cultivation.
whitefly
Rugos spiraling whiteflies appear in coconut trees. In Gujarat, it was first seen in Mangrol taluka of Junagadh district in 2019. Florida, has come to India from North America. This pest is mainly found in crops like oil palm in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. The invasive insect was first planted in coconut in Pollachi, Tamil Nadu in August 2016. Now found in Mangrol, Veraval, Valsad and coastal coconut gardens of Gujarat. This pest arrives with coconut seeds that come from the states of South India.
The rugose spiraling whitefly found in coconut is three times larger and dull than the common whiteflake. The wings of an adult insect are covered with a white material. Clear brownish brown spots appear. The adult female lays round eggs on the underside of the leaf, covered with a white waxy coating. When it is fertilized, white discharge appears on the leaves.
Juice suck
Sucking the extracted from coconut leaves causes harm. An insect with the nature of continuous damage makes a sticky substance like honey. Such secretion leads to the development of black fungi (Blacksooty mold – Capsodium species). Due to which the leaves turn black. Which inhibits the photosynthetic capacity of tuber leaves.
Measures taken for control
To keep the garden clean, the first step is to mix the detergent powder with water to control the pest and spray the leaves and stems with the pressure of a jet gun. Put yellow sticky planks on the trunk to catch white flies. Apply 1% starch solution on coconut leaves, which will prevent the growth of black fungus. The white catarrh eaten by the black, red predator Dahlia pests, along with growing a parasitic insect called Antarsia. When there is severe damage, spray 50 ml of neem oil in 10 liters of water on the tree.
Neem oil, detergent powder most excellent
According to an early experiment conducted by Junagadh Agricultural University, when the insect is found, neem oil or organic pesticides such as Beveria basia 80 g per pump or acetamipril 20 sp 5 to 6 g or bifenthrin 10 EC 7.5 ml or bipanthrin 10 Spray EC 7.5 ml into small trees. One gram per gram or spiromysifen 22.9 sc 15 to 20 ml per pump and spray in such a way that it covers the entire tree.
Mixing detergent powder or stickers with detergent and spraying gives very good results.
roots
Where there are tall trees and it is difficult to prune, roots are d. The method of disinfection is more convenient. In this method, select a spot 2 to 3 feet away from the trunk of the tree and dig one and a half to two feet deep and silt .
Keep it in such a way that the roots are not spoiled. Plastic bag is tightly tied to the roots and covered with dried leaves or light material. But do not give pesticide if there is coconut on the tree. Otherwise it contains pesticides.
Mass control
Coconut is used to boost human immunity, so avoid using chemical drugs as much as possible. From the root, chemical medicine should be given only after the coconut is removed. In addition, very effective results can be achieved if individual farmers take control measures in a group without controlling the pest. Since this type of insect is a new species, it is able to spread from one place to another in a very short time and very quickly. Plant transplantation causes the insect to spread to a new location.
